Carebara super majors reach up to 15 mm, while Atta soldiers reach up to 14 mm in length. So it is only 1 mm difference, but on average, they are the same size. From what I know, Carebara super majors are primarily there to harvest larger pieces of prey that they can tear off with bigger jaws (or bite into harder prey, as well as store food. The smaller workers of Carebara take care of fighting, hunting, and defending roles, and Carebara super majors aren't too useful in combat. One thing– I'm not actually sure about the length of the Atta cephalotes soldier specifically, it may be smaller or larger.
On the other hand, Atta ants have a specific soldier caste, which produces soldiers larger than the Atta super majors, that are specifically there to defend the colony. Therefore they are probably much better suited for combat, since that is their sole purpose, so even if the Carebara super major happens to be 1 mm longer at maximum length, it doesn't account for the build of the two ants (unfortunately there seems to be a lack of information on the actual jaw size and width of the two ants).